CAS Number: 75-21-8. A colorless, flammable, toxic compound used
especially in synthesis of other chemicals, and in sterilization
and fumigation. Chemical formula = C2H4O. Molecular weight = 44.1
g/mol.
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The major use for ethylene oxide is as a chemical intermediate in
industry. The acute (short-term) effects of ethylene oxide in
humans consist mainly of central nervous system (CNS) depression
and irritation of the eyes and mucous membranes. Chronic
(long-term) exposure to ethylene oxide in humans can cause
irritation of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes, and problems
in the functioning of the brain and nerves. Some human cancer
data show an increase in the incidence of leukemia, stomach
cancer, cancer of the pancreas, and Hodgkin's disease in workers
exposed to ethylene oxide. However these data are considered to
be limited and inconclusive due to uncertainties in the studies.
EPA has classified ethylene oxide as a Group B1, probable human
carcinogen.