CAS Number: 98-95-3. A poisonous, yellow, insoluble oil with an
almond odor that is used as a solvent, as a mild oxidizing agent,
and in making aniline. Chemical formula = C6H5NO2. Molecular
weight = 123.11 g/mol.
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Nitrobenzene is used to manufacture aniline. Acute (short-term)
and chronic (long-term) inhalation, oral, and dermal exposure of
humans to nitrobenzene result in effects on the blood (i.e.,
methemoglobinemia). At low nitrobenzene concentrations, symptoms
include fatigue, weakness, dyspnea, headache, and dizziness. At
higher concentrations, depressed respiration, bluish-gray skin,
disturbed vision, and coma may occur. No information is
available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic
effects of nitrobenzene in humans. Animal studies indicate that
inhalation exposure to nitrobenzene does not result in
developmental effects, while reproductive effects, such as a
decrease in fertility, reduced testicular weights, and decreased
sperm production, have been noted. EPA has classified
nitrobenzene as a Group D, not classifiable as to human
carcinogenicity.