Also known as: Ethyl Chloride. CAS Number: 75-00-3. A colorless
liquid with a pungent odor. It is used as a solvent, efrigerant,
and topical anesthetic. Also used in the manufacture of dyes,
chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Was used in the past in the
production of tetraethyl lead, an anti-knock additive to leaded
gasoline. US government-mandated reduction in the amount of lead
additives used in gasoline and a shift to the use of unleaded
gasoline has caused a dramatic reduction in the amount of
chloroethane required for the production of tetraethyl lead.
Chemical formula = C2H5Cl. Molecular weight = 64.52 g/mol.
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Exposure to Chloroethane may occur from the use of consumer
products containing it. The acute (short-term) effects of ethyl
chloride from inhalation exposure in humans consists of temporary
feelings of drunkenness, and higher levels cause lack of muscle
coordination and unconsciousness. The chronic (long-term) health
effects resulting from exposure to air containing low levels of
ethyl chloride in humans is not known. Some animal studies
indicate effects on the lungs, liver, kidneys, and heart due to
exposure to ethyl chloride via inhalation. No studies were
located regarding carcinogenic effects following ethyl chloride
inhalation exposure in humans. A study by the National
Toxicology Program (NTP) indicated that inhaled ethyl chloride is
carcinogenic in female mice and may be carcinogenic in rats. EPA
has not classified ethyl chloride for carcinogenicity.